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Research Brief

Bharatiya Nyaya(Second) Sanhita Bill, 2023 & Bharatiya Sakshya(Second) Bill, 2023 & Bharatiya Sakshya(Second) Bill,2023: Analysis of Key Changes


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Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Bill, 2023

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #1: Meaning of Life Imprisonment “for the remainder of natural life” under Clause 4(b) of BNS 2023

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #2: Concerns with the Proposed Landscape of Sexual Offences in BNS 2023

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #3: Examining Anomalies in the Provisions for Mob Lynching Under BNS 2023

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #4: Changes in the Punishment for Murder and Attempt to Murder by Life Convicts Under BNS 2023

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #5: Death by Negligence- Mapping Confusions in its Definition under BNS 2023

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #6: Organised Crime in BNS 2023- Examining Vagueness and Overcriminalisation Concerns

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #7: Analysing the Terror Offences Framework Under BNS 2023

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #8: Sedition, Recast – Implications of Clause 150 of the BNS 2023

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #9: Implications of Criminalising False and Misleading Information Under BNS 2023


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Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Bill 2023 A substantive analysis

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Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita Bill, 2023 and Bharatiya Sakshya Bill, 2023

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #10: Arrest and Medical Examination of an Accused 

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #11: Proclaimed Offenders and Trials in Absentia

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #12: Audio-Video Recordings during Investigation

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #13: Victims’ Rights

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #14: Conditions Requisite for Initiation of Proceedings – Cognizance

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #15: Custody of Arrested Persons During Investigation

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #16: Framing of charge and discharge

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #17: Forensic evidence

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #18: Fitness to stand trial

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #19: Witness Protection Scheme

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #20: Mercy Petitions

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #21: Powers of Commutation

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #22: Provisions Pertaining to Bail and Bonds

Criminal Law Bills 2023 Decoded #23: Admissibility of Electronic Records


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Annotated Comparison


Editorials & Interviews


The Indian Express

New Criminal Law Bills 2023 Explained: What Are The Key Changes?

Zeba Sikora


The Caravan

New Criminal Laws: ज़रूरत या राजनीति

Shreya Rastogi


Live Law

New Criminal Laws Continue Colonial Logic, Expand Police Powers

Anup Surendranath


The Times of India Podcast

India’s new criminal laws keep reforms behind bars?

Zeba Sikora


Indian Express

New criminal law Bills endanger civil liberties

Anup Surendranath , Zeba Sikora


The Hindu

Criminal Law Bills and a hollow decolonisation

Maitreyi Misra


Indian Express

Gap between law and justice

Anup Surendranath, Neetika Vishwanath



Indian Express

Controlling women’s sexual autonomy

Neetika Vishwanath